What is TOGGLE?Toggle is a Fintech platform that analyzes billions of data points, distilling significant patterns into easy-to-understand insights.
Tracking TOGGLE InsightsThere are 2 ways to inform the system about your holdings: through the watchlist or connecting your brokerage portfolio.
What does TOGGLE Cover?TOGGLE covers more than 35,000 global assets across Foreign Exchange, Equities (single names, ETFs, and indexes), Fixed Income, Credit and Commodities.
What is a TOGGLE Insight?Research generated by our AI system after observing a robust relationship between a driver and the asset's subsequent price action
Do TOGGLE Insights Really Work? A natural question that comes to mind as you peruse TOGGLE insights is - does this really work? And if so, why would they give it to me?
Turning Data into InsightsData is an essential ingredient in any investment process. But when does an observed relationship - correlation, pattern, mean reversion - become a tradable insight?
The TOGGLE Leading IndicatorThe TOGGLE Leading Indicator of 5,000 US stocks is the aggregated measure of all insights produced by TOGGLE on US stocks.
What is the Stock Market?A place where buyers and sellers of publicly traded company shares come to transact.
Tips Before You Start InvestingBefore anyone starts investing, they must ask themselves the following questions.
What is an Investment?Purchase of an asset today with hopes of reaping monetary benefits in the future.
What is Risk?When investors talk about “risk”, they mean risk of losing money - some part or even the entirety of your original investment
Types of Stocks Whether investing in preferred or common stock, these are a few categories of stocks based on their characteristics.
Initial Public Offering (IPO)Every public company in the world started somewhere: whether it was in a garage like Apple or a basement like Amazon, every company started as private.
Valuing Equity SecuritiesThere are different ways to value an equity security - some are straightforward while others require more work.
Stock SplitIf a company wants to issue more shares but all its shares outstanding are owned, it can initiate a stock split.
Stock DilutionWhen a company issues or creates new shares, that causes the original shareholders percentage of ownership in the company to reduce.
Understanding Equity IndicesInterested in getting involved in the market or a subset of assets without directly exposing yourself to the individual assets?
Starting to TradeNow that you’ve decided to start investing, here are a few questions to ask yourself.
How to Construct a PortfolioConstructing portfolios is fun. Your portfolio expresses your investing views, your beliefs and even your ethical views.
Managing Your PortfolioOnce you have setup your portfolio, you must regularly maintain it - how you might ask?
DiversificationOne of the ways to reduce your exposure to the different risks in the market is by spreading your holdings across the market
What is an Equity Index?An index is used to measure the performance of a basket of securities, mimicking the performance of an entire market or a specific industry.
What are Currencies?A currency is the official means of payment in a country (USD in the United States) and the currency market entails the exchange of global currencies.
What are Commodities?Commodities are raw materials such as copper or coffee, that can be bought and sold.
What are Derivative Contracts?Derivative contracts began in the agricultural industry where one party to a contract agreed to sell goods to the other party at a specified price on a specific date.
What are Options?An option is a contract between two parties (and a method of making/losing a lot of money)
What are Alternative Instruments?Alternative investments differ from traditional investments by offering investors exposure to streams of return that go beyond traditional “long-only” market exposure.
What is Fixed Income?Securities that pay a fixed amount of interest at a fixed time to an investor/holder of a fixed income security.
Bull and Bear marketIf you're trading, you've probably heard these words thrown around? Is it even related to the market?
Basis PointsCommonly used unit of measurement to track interest rates and changes in other financial percentages.
Positioning AnalysisMeasure of how many investors are invested in a particular trade, with particular focus on investors with short-term trading horizons
Meme StocksThe term “meme stock” has been recently coined after the market witnessed how extreme retail interest in a stock could meteorically increase its price.
Short SqueezeWhat do you call a lot of demand for an asset which causes the price to skyrocket for a short period of time?
What is an ETF?A security that tracks another asset (index, commodity, industry) and can be traded on the stock exchange like any public equity.
How to Invest in ETFsETFs are known for being safer instruments but can also generate good returns without much expense for the investor.
Fee Structure of ETFsETFs are known for being inexpensive investments but there are a few costs which you should know about.
Calculating the value of an ETFDid you know the NAV of an ETF can tell you whether its trading at a premium or a discount?
How have ETFs become so popular?After the “ETF Rule” passed in September 2019 by the SEC, ETF issuers have been able to bring new strategies to the market much easier than before.
Tax Structure of ETFsAlong with low fees, ETFs are a good addition to your portfolio because of their tax efficiency.
Bearish Option StrategiesWhat if an asset/market is heading downwards? What option strategy should you use?
A Brief Introduction Into Option TradingOne option could send your value to the moon, while the other could drive it straight into the ground. Therefore, finding the right option is essential to maximizing your success and profit.
4 Option GreeksThe Greeks are parameters that tell us how sensitive an option is to these factors: to time-value decay, to changes in implied volatility and to movements in the price of the underlying asset.
Bullish Option Strategies Can't find the right option strategy for a bullish move? We got you covered.
Calls and PutsType of contract that gives the holder the right, but not obligation, to transact an asset in the future at a specified price and time.
Types of Fixed Income InstrumentsVolatile markets? Need some assured returns? Check out these types of fixed income instruments.
Interest RatesInterest is the extra amount of money a borrower has to pay on top of the loaned amount.
Fixed Income ConceptsHere are some important concepts you should know before diving into fixed income investing.
Valuation Valuation ratios show you the price you are paying TODAY for some FUTURE stream of cash flow.
LiquidityDuring the peak of the pandemic, the FED pumped liquidity into the economy with interest-free loans to institutions and stimulus payments to individuals.
Analyst ReviewsFinancial Analysts from banks and research houses cover companies and the evolution of their business - affecting their perceived value.
CarryCarry is the return you get for holding on any security. Bonds, futures and even equities have carry.
Earnings and EPSEarnings are the profit of a company and EPS measures how much a company earns per share
Equity Risk PremiumThe ERP is a measure of cross-asset valuation. It tells you if equities are cheap relative to bonds. High means value, low means cheap.
Return YieldThe return an investor can make on an equity position is divided into two sections: capital and dividend gain.
What is a Dividend? Did you know that some companies pay you for owning a position in their firm EVERY YEAR? Say hello to dividends.
Surprise Move IndicatorDid you know that the Surprise Move of a security is just a modified version of the Sharpe Ratio?
Market Breadth indicatorsWere you aware that when an index like the S&P 500 or Dow Jones moves in one direction, not all the assets which it covers move too?
MomentumInvestors trying to profit from a market trend could be described as riding a wave of momentum.
Relative Strength Index (a.k.a. RSI)This simple indicator is what is called an oscillator, meaning it moves within a range. You can think of it as a spring that can be compressed and expanded within certain limits.
Golden Cross vs. Death Cross Both these technical indicators are used as long-term forecasts for a stock or the market: a golden cross signals a potential bull market and a death signals a potential bear market.
Stochastic IndicatorThe theory is that if this oscillator is close to the bottom of its range, then so is the stock and vice versa.
Consecutive Days Move Counter IndicatorThis indicator counts the number of consecutive days during which the stock moved in the same direction.
Sharpe Ratio“What happened the last 10 times that S&P 500 fell 2 standard deviations?” Ask Nobel-prizer winner William F. Sharpe.
Support & Resistance Levels Wish you knew where asset prices could go next? This form of technical analysis looks at where the forces of supply and demand meet, helping traders determine where prices could go next.
Seasonality IndicatorThis indicator is based on the assumption that security prices go through predictable changes within the same period of every year: a quarter, month, holiday period, peak period.
Volume AnalysisVolume is a measure of trading activity - how many shares of a given financial asset has traded in a period of time.
MACD IndicatorThis acronym means Moving Average Convergence Divergence and the indicator is calculated as the difference between a shorter and a longer moving averages.
ISM Purchasing Managers' Index (PMI)PMIs are surveys that ask companies “How is business going compared to last month, better or worse?”
Presidential Elections Every 4 years, the United States presidential election brings the opportunity for new policy, laws and foreign relations. While some may be more radical than others, this change in leadership does affect the economy, stock market and specifically, your portfolio.
Citi Economic SurprisesCESI is a long-standing series published by Citi’s FX research department to gauge whether the economy is “beating expectations” of economic forecasters.
Citi Inflation SurprisesCISI is a long-standing series published by Citi’s FX research department to gauge whether inflation is “beating expectations” of economic forecasters.
US ISM Manufacturing New Orders PMIThe companies who produce PMIs, such as ISM in the US, send out questionnaires to large groups of companies, asking questions like “are inventories higher or lower than last month?”
OPEC MeetingThe Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) is an intergovernmental organization of 13 oil-producing countries who meet to coordinate petroleum policies and ensure market stability. OPEC is in effect an oil price-setting cartel.
FED Meetings (a.k.a. FOMC)The Federal Reserve is the central banking system of the US and its goal is to "promote effectively the goals of maximum employment, stable prices, and moderate long-term interest rates."
Alternative Methods to Investing in CryptoSo you want to get into crypto without directly purchasing the coin?
How to Invest in CryptocurrenciesInvesting in cryptos is becoming as easy as investing in equity shares thanks to technology and its rise in demand.
What are Cryptocurrencies?The crypto market is very volatile - whilst this can help investors achieve high returns, the potential for losses are equally higher.
Crypto MiningNot all Bitcoins are currently in circulation - this is because the rest need to be “mined."
Brief Introduction Here’s a guide to walk you through the different crypto indicators which the TOGGLE AI system will be using to generate insights.
Puell MultipleThis ratio allows you to gauge the local level of supply in the context of the recent past
FeesThe most popular fee schedule used by cryptocurrency exchanges uses a tiered "maker" and "taker" scheme.
TransactionsTransactions represent a bundle of intended actions to alter the ledger initiated by a user (human or machine)
Hash RateA measure of the total computational power being used by a proof-of-work cryptocurrency network to process transactions in a blockchain.
NetworkA coin's distribution factor and value transaction ratio can help understand the coin’s supply and value
Miner Purchases and SalesHere are some factors to help you understand where the “value” of a crypto currency could go next.
SupplyUnderstanding supply is crucial to determine the coin’s market capitalization, demand and hence value
IntroductionTrading commodities predates stocks and bonds by many centuries as merchants would meet along trade routes to exchange agricultural and craft products.
How are commodities priced? There are many factors that move commodity prices everyday. Similar to equities, the price is primarily determined by the intersection of supply and demand.
Contango vs. Backwardation Commodity speculators and hedgers are always watching the shape of the futures curve - specifically if the futures markets are in contango or backwardation.